十进制与二进制的运算主要包括加法、减法、转换等操作,具体规则如下:
一、加法运算
- 二进制 `1010 + 1011 = 10101`(从右向左逐位相加,满二进一)。
二、减法运算
逢二借一当二,与十进制借一当十类似。
- 二进制 `1010 - 1001 = 0001`(从右向左逐位相减,不够借时向高位借位)。
三、转换方法
十进制转二进制
- 整数部分: 除2取余,逆序排列(如13→1101)。 - 小数部分
二进制转十进制
- 按权展开法:从右到左每位数字乘以2的幂次方并求和(如1011₂=1×2³+0×2²+1×2¹+1×2⁰=11)。
四、注意事项
负数转换:二进制整数部分加符号位(如-1010₁₀=10010101₁₂)。
小数转换:需注意无限循环小数(如0.1₂=0.00011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100